![]() ![]() Who is in charge of enforcing FDA rules?.What safeguards did the Meat Inspection Act provide for consumers?.Who was in charge of policing the Pure Food and Drug Act, and who does so now?.What was the impetus for the Meat Inspection Act?.In 1971, the product-related activities of the Public Health Service's Bureau of Radiological Health were transferred to the Food and Drug Administration, while its environmental activities were shifted to the new Environmental Protection Administration. Congress passed a Comprehensive Radiation Health and Safety Act in 1968 to deal with such problems. With the development of electronic technology came new products such as televisions, microwave ovens, and lasers which could emit harmful radiation. The Public Health Service became concerned about workers who contracted cancer from radioactive luminous paint they applied to watch dials and the increase in overdosage with diagnostic X-rays. Even before World War I, the Food and Drug Administration was taking action against quack drugs and devices which claimed to he radioactive. Ensuring the safety, efficacy, and proper labeling of medical devices for human use is the major function of this Center. Researchers at the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Devices and Radiological Health develop a method to calculate radiation doses from medical fluoroscopy. Today, as a major regulatory agency of the Public Health Service, the FDA ensures consumers that foods are safe and wholesome prescriptions and nonprescription medicines, animal drugs, and biologic drugs are safe and effective for their labeled uses cosmetics are harmless medical devices are safe all these products are honestly and accurately labeled and packaged and that radiation from electronic products does not pose a consumer hazard. Among numerous new provisions, it required manufacturers to provide scientific proof of a new drug's safety before it could be marketed and made dangerous or falsely labeled cosmetics and therapeutic devices illegal.Įnforcement of these laws is the mission of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), established originally as the Bureau of Chemistry in the Department of Agriculture. Roosevelt signed into law the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 which, with major amendments in the last 50 years contains the basic law of the land. The following year Congress passed and President Franklin D. Thirty years later a drug tragedy in which over 100 people were killed by a poisonous solvent used to dissolve the wonder drug sulfanilamide, greatly dramatized the need to broaden existing legislation and ensure product safety before marketing. Technological changes and adverse court decisions soon made it obsolete. The law forbade adulteration and misbranding of foods, drinks, and drugs in interstate commerce but contained few specific requirements to insure compliance. Pressure from this powerful lobby together with public alarm over unhygienic conditions in Chicago's meat-packing plants revealed in Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, and confirmed by government investigators, finally pushed Congress to enact, in l906, both a meat inspection law and the Food and Drugs Act. Gradually a coalition developed, including farmers, food processors, state officials, physicians, women's club members, and muckraking journalists. ![]() In the last quarter of the 19th century many attempts were made to enact a national food and drug law. Federal controls over the drug supply, namely banning the importation of adulterated drugs, started in 1848. Regulation of food in the United States dates from early colonial times. Concern about the purity of food, drink, and medicines goes back at least to the beginning of recorded history. ![]()
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